Comment on "Safety of Intrathecal Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Spinal Anesthesia in Infants and Children".
Pediatric Anesthesia
Reviewed September 2025 by Dr David Roche
This retrospective chart review explores the safety of intrathecal clonidine in infants and children up to 3 years of age who received spinal anaesthesia. In this single centre study the authors...
Effects of Dexmedetomidine-Remifentanil on Neurodevelopment of Children after Inhalation Anesthesia
A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Anesthesiology
Reviewed January 2026 by Dr Andrew Hughes
This prospective, double-blind RCT compares the neurodevelopmental effect of a single GA exposure using different doses of sevoflurane in children under 2 years of age. Children were randomised to...
Comparison of analgesic efficacy and safety of caudal dexmedetomidine versus intranasal dexmedetomidine in paediatric infraumbilical surgeries
A randomised controlled trial
European Journal of Anaesthesiology
Reviewed January 2026 by Dr Matt Hart
This randomised, double-blind non-inferiority trial compared the analgesic efficacy and safety of caudal dexmedetomidine versus intranasal dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to a single-shot caudal block...
The promise of precision
Exploring the role of remimazolam in paediatric anaesthesia
British Journal of Anaesthesia
Reviewed August 2025 by Dr Ayaka Omori
This narrative review serves as an update on the use of remimazolam in paediatric population. The introduction of remimazolam is a notable development in hypnotics in the past two...
Short-term Outcomes in Infants after General Anesthesia with Low-dose Sevoflurane/Dexmedetomidine/Remifentanil versus Standard-dose Sevoflurane
The TREX Trial
Anesthesiology
Reviewed March 2025 by Dr Roeland Passier
This is a secondary analysis comparing the two treatment groups in The Trial Remifentanil DEXmedetomidine (TREX) trial looking at early perioperative results. TREX, which is ongoing, was designed to...
Population Pharmacokinetics of Single Bolus Dose Fentanyl in Obese Children
Anesthesia Analgesia
Reviewed June 2024 by Dr Mark Moll
Background: Childhood obesity is a significant problem. Obesity may alter the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of many medications. Fentanyl is commonly used in paediatric anaesthesia, but there is a paucity...
Anesthesia and Sedation Exposure and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants Undergoing Congenital Cardiac Surgery
A Retrospective Cohort Study
Anesthesiology
Reviewed December 2023 by Dr Rebecca McIntyre
The authors of this retrospective study hypothesized that greater exposure to sedation and anaesthesia in children undergoing complex cardiac surgery is associated with lower neurodevelopmental...
The effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine administration on emergence agitation or delirium in pediatric patients after general anesthesia
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Pediatric Anesthesia
Reviewed September 2023 by Dr Matt Jenke
Summary: This article is a meta-analysis of randomised control trials analysing the effect of preoperative intranasal dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation (EA) and emergence delirium (ED) in...
Intranasal dexmedetomidine sedation for paediatric MRI by radiology personnel
A retrospective observational study
European Journal of Anaesthesiology
Reviewed March 2023 by Dr Jon Stacey
This Scandinavian study adds to the evidence base around needle-free sedation techniques for paediatric imaging, itself the subject of a recent systematic review...
What we know and what we don't know about the perioperative use of methadone in children and adolescents
Pediatric Anesthesia
Reviewed March 2023 by Dr Sorcha Evans
Summary This review article looks at methadone use in the paediatric perioperative population summarising the benefits and risks. A brief description of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is...
Needle-free pharmacological sedation techniques in paediatric patients for imaging procedures
A systematic review and meta-analysis
British Journal of Anaesthesia
Reviewed January 2023 by Dr Renee Burton
The authors present extensive review of the current literature relating to providing sedation “needle free” for MRI. The study includes a wide variety of different techniques of providing sedation in...
Dexmedetomidine Diminishes, but Does Not Prevent, Developmental Effects of Sevoflurane in Neonatal Rats
Anesthesia Analgesia
Reviewed September 2022 by Dr Suze Bruins
An animal study (rats), investigating whether pre-treatment with dexmedetomidine (DEX) can reduce sevoflurane-induced neuronal hyperexcitation and corticosterone release at the time of exposure, as...
